Population: 9 927 556 (July 1998 est.)

Age structure:
0-14 years: 17% (male 881 091; female 834 775)
15-64 years: 68% (male 3 283 273; female 3 429 233)
65 years and over: 15% (male 612 221; female 886 963) (July 1998 est.)

Population growth rate: -0.07% (1998 est.)

Birth rate: 10.63 births/1 000 population (1998 est.)

Death rate: 10.26 deaths/1 000 population (1998 est.)

Net migration rate: -1.01 migrant(s)/1 000 population (1998 est.)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female (1998 est.)

Infant mortality rate: 6.87 deaths/1 000 live births (1998 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 75.66 years
male: 72.27 years
female: 79.25 years (1998 est.)

Total fertility rate: 1.35 children born/woman (1998 est.)

Nationality:
noun: Portuguese (singular and plural)
adjective: Portuguese

Ethnic groups: homogeneous Mediterranean stock in mainland Azores Madeira Islands; citizens of black African descent who immigrated to mainland during decolonization number less than 100 000

Religions: Roman Catholic 97% Protestant denominations 1% other 2%

Languages: Portuguese

Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 85%
male: 89%
female: 82% (1990 est.)